Proposal Essay

Mark Lewellen
Mr. Slabaugh
English 106
8 April 2008
Benefits for Employees of Small Businesses: A Necessary Change
According to an April 2007 essay conducted by the NSBA (National Small Business Association) only 41 percent of respondents offer health benefits to their employees, down 10 percent from the year 2000. (1) The article also stated that 77 percent of these companies not offering health benefits cited health benefits as the number one benefit they would like to offer their employees. (1) This clearly increasing problem strains employers and employees both. Hardworking men and women are unable to obtain affordable health care due to the rising financial burden that employers face. Government subsidized health care has been a staple of the United States government for decades; it is now time to offer these subsidiaries to deserving citizens.
The increasing cost of health care in the United States is a harsh reality that will not soon change. According to a New York Times article, the healthcare benefits for businesses who employee less than 200 people rose 15 and a half percent from last year. (3) The truth is that citizens cannot rely on the price of insurance premiums to drop. Evidence of employers realizing such realities are growing rapidly as well. For instance, the New York Times article tells the story of small business owner Dave Ratner, owner of a small retail chain along the Eastern Seaboard called Dave’s Soda. Mr. Ratner has been forced to place for of the financial burden on his employees in the form of office visit and prescription drug co-payments and hospital stays. (3) Even with the steps he has taken to cut costs he will pay $60,000 dollars for his 17 employees, up from $44,600 the previous year.
According to the National Coalition of Healthcare, healthcare expenditures are expected to rise 6.9 percent, nearly twice as much as inflation. (5) This statistic is a fantastic indicator of the severity of the problem that Americans face. The coalition also states on their website that if something does not drastically change health insurance costs to employers will overtake profits by the end of 2008. (5) Obvious action needs to be taken in order to avoid the demise of small businesses nationwide.
Small businesses are generally defined as employing 100 or fewer people according to Title 13, Part 121 of the Code of Federal Regulations, but vary from industry to industry. (8) Companies falling into this category employee more than half of all Americans. (6) Any problem burdening more than half of Americans is worthy of concern and a solution. Solutions this widespread need to undertaken by an enormous organization. The United States government is the only organization large enough, with enough financial resources (in the form of taxes) to do so.
The United States government should provide a subsidiary to small business owners who currently have no health benefits or highly priced benefits. The subsidiary would aid small companies in contributing to a health insurance plan for their employees. Generally speaking these companies would be given money based on how many employees they employ. Then a federal law would be set in place mandating that all businesses, including small businesses offer healthcare to their full-time employees. The national plan would be enforced gradually over 5 years, beginning with a redirection of federal funds.
Last year the United States government spent an astounding $303,882,398,422 on the Medicaid program. (4) The total expenditures on health care nationally in that same year were $2.3 trillion. (5) So over thirteen percent of healthcare expenditures in the U.S. are provided by the Medicaid program. A program entirely funded by the citizens of the United States of America.
If half of the money dedicated to Medicaid in the United States (around $150 billion) was redirected towards a “small business employer aid program”, hardworking men and women around the country would no longer worry about the growing financial burden of health insurance. (5) That said, the first phase of the plan would have to be a redirection of tax dollars spent on Medicaid to the program. The Medicaid program would still stand, but with significantly reduced funding. To reduce funding, the number receiving aid would have to reduce as well. A nationwide screening process would have to be implemented in order to determine who which citizens are most deserving of aid.
After screening out all Medicaid beneficiaries not worthy of the aid, phase two of the plan will be put into effect, a government aid program. With an instant $150 billion dollars of aid, a program will be put in place to direct that money toward small business owners. With this money small business owners will be able to reduce the cost of health care for their employees and them as well. The average cost of health care per person in the United States is around $7600 per year. (5) The average price of health benefits for an employee of a small business is around $9000 dollars. (3) The goal after the implementation of this plan would be to bring these two figures closer together. The feasibility of the plan would lie in the tremendous amount of capital raised by the reduction of the Medicaid program.
A third phase of the plan, simultaneous with phase two, would be enacting a law requiring any small business (as previously defined) to provide health benefits to their employees. Health benefits would need to be more specifically defined in the act, but in general terms the employer would generally pay at least 40 percent of the premium. (3)
In conclusion, action needs to be taken to curb the rising cost of health insurance and the burden it present to small business employees and employers both. Although the Medicaid system has been in place for decades, the time for change is now. Around 70 percent of citizen receiving aid from Medicaid are unemployed or underemployed. (4) It is now time to reward those full-time hard-working men and women of small business with benefits that will truly make a difference in their bottom line. Firms employing less than 24 people are seeing a 6.8 percent rise in healthcare benefits in the last year alone. (5) Within five years, great strides can be made to combat the rising costs of healthcare if these changes were to be made.


Intended for publication in The Journal of Small Business Management

Works Cited
1. Not Given. "“Small Business Health Insurance: Building a Gateway to Coverage”." The National Small Business Association ns 1.1 (2007): 1-10. 8 Apr. 2008 .
2. Prnewswire. "Small Business Health Care Survey Points to Need for Reform." Trading Markets. 27 Mar. 2008. COMTEX. 8 Apr. 2008 .

3. Tahmincioglu, Eve. "SMALL BUSINESS; Tackling the High Cost of Health Benefits Takes Some Creativity." The New York Times 26 Aug. 2004. 8 Apr. 2008 .

4. Not Given. "Total Medicaid Spending." State Health Facts. 2006. The Kaiser Family Foundation. 8 Apr. 2008 .

5. "Health Insurance Costs." National Coalition on Healthcare. 2008. 8 Apr. 2008 .

6. Osmer, Anne. "Choosing Independent Health Insurance." WWJ 950 News Radio. 20 Nov. 2007. 8 Apr. 2008 .

7. U.s. Census Bureau. "Income - Median Family Income in the Past 12 Months by Family Size." U.S. Census Bureau. 2006. 8 Apr. 2008 .

8. North American Industrial Classification System. "What is a Small Business?" Federal Access. 2000. 8 Apr. 2008 .

Annotated Bibliography

Not Given. "“Small Business Health Insurance: Building a Gateway to Coverage”." The National Small Business Association ns 1.1 (2007): 1-10. 8 Apr. 2008 .
This source contains testimony from the hearing “Small Business Health Insurance: Building a Gateway to Coverage”. This testimony was given before the Senate Finance Committee on October 25, 2007. The source presents information regarding the problem and their idea of a solution.
I intend to use this as evidence and to pull some numbers from this source. I plan on giving my own variation of the solution and not use theirs. Most of the this source will be used in my definition of the problem. Such as the number of uninsured, cost of independent insurance, existing regulations, etc.

Prnewswire. "Small Business Health Care Survey Points to Need for Reform." Trading Markets. 27 Mar. 2008. COMTEX. 8 Apr. 2008 .

The source is a press release speaking predominately of the rising cost of health insurance
and the impact that it has on the owners and employees of small businesses. There are a few quotes given by Ed Deeb, president of Michigan Business and Professional Association.
I plan to use this source for more definition of the problem. There are some great statistics regarding the rate of wage increase versus the rate of insurance premium increase that I plan to include. Also with the quotes given by Deeb some credibility will be achieved.

Tahmincioglu, Eve. "SMALL BUSINESS; Tackling the High Cost of Health Benefits Takes Some Creativity." The New York Times 26 Aug. 2004. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This newspaper article contains the personal tribulations of some small business owners. The story outlines some of the steps that they have taken to curb the cost of the insurance on them.
My plan is to use the source to describe why this problem is so major. This will give good information to segue into my solution. Evidence from this source will surely convince the reader that a solution absolutely needs to be made.

Not Given. "Total Medicaid Spending." State Health Facts. 2006. The Kaiser Family Foundation. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This is a database posted by the Kaiser Family Foundation regarding the government spending on Medicaid for the 2006 year. Each state’s numbers are posted individually.
I plan to start the solution out with the evidence that can be obtained on this site. I will state my plan to decrease spending on the program. The bulk of this source is the shocking number of dollars spent in one year in the U.S. on Medicaid ($304 billion).

"Health Insurance Costs." National Coalition on Healthcare. 2008. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This source provides broad statistics on the costs of health care in the United States. The information included contains cost to employers, individuals, and the United States government.
I specifically plan to bolster my argument with the information regarding individual spending versus the spending of the government on programs such as Medicaid. My argument will include the rising cost to both employers and employees and the need for federal assistance. The figures will provide great evidence to the need for assistance.

Osmer, Anne. "Choosing Independent Health Insurance." WWJ 950 News Radio. 20 Nov. 2007. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This article speaks gives information on independent health insurance. Information includes average annual cost as well as a description of benefits.
I will use this information at two different points in my paper. One will be in the problem section of the paper. I will give independent insurance as an alternative to employer based insurance. I will also use the source in portions of my solution. I will offer this as an alternative for employees to purchase with the government issued subsidiaries.

U.s. Census Burear. "Income - Median Family Income in the Past 12 Months by Family Size." U.S. Census Bureau. 2006. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This article is simply information from the United States Census bureau on the average household income for families. The site is simply a chart of income according to the census.
I plan to use this when describing the burden of paying for independent health benefits. I will use the numbers to form a ratio of income to cost of healthcare. The information here can also be used when describing the advantages of having a government subsidized system for smaller companies.

North American Industrial Classification System. "What is a Small Business?" Federal Access. 2000. 8 Apr. 2008 .

This website gives specific standards used by the government defining a small business. In particular the site lists the number of employees allowed for companies in specific industries that are called small businesses.
I plan to use this in the solution as well. I will define which companies will be eligible for the benefits of my plan. In addition this will alleviate any confusion so far as companies from certain industries versus those from other industries.

Outline for Proposal

Mark Lewellen
Mr. Slabaugh
English 106
2 April 2008
Rising Cost of Health Benefits to Small Business
I. Introduction
a. With the rising cost of health care benefits, small business owners are unable to provide employees with coverage.
b. This problem is serious due to the severe need for health insurance for hard-working men and women at smaller companies.
II. Problem
a. Not even half of employers who employee 19 people or less offer health benefits to them.
b. There are few viable options regarding health care for small business owners.
c. The problem is worth solving due to the common need for healthcare.
III. Solution
a. Reform in the form of a national law uniformly mandating that small business owners provide insurance, and financial help to do so.
b. Lawmakers will implement the plan through fundamental changes in existing policies.
c. The laws should be put into effect within 3 years.
d. Feasibility will be proven.
e. The stakeholders in this situation are small business employees, whereas the shareholders are taxpayers and small business owners.
IV. Conclusion
a. With the rising cost of health care benefits, small business owners are unable to provide employees with coverage.
b. Reform in the form of a national law uniformly mandating that small business owners provide insurance, and financial help to do so.
Sources used thus far:
Unknown. "“Small Business Health Insurance: Building a Gateway To." National Small Business Association. 25 Oct. 2007. 2 Apr. 2008 .

In-class Essay 3

I’m not entirely sure what topic that I am going to choose for my proposal essay. My major is management and I hope to come up with a good idea involving small business.
One idea that I have heard about involves decreasing the tax burden on small businesses. With a decreased tax on smaller companies owners would be more likely to start up businesses and thus give a small boost to the economy.
Many of the presidential campaigns center around talk of lowering or raising taxes and which taxes to do this to. In my proposal I hope to explain why taxes imposed on small businesses are slowing down the economy. I also hope to emphasize the importance maintaining small businesses in the United States. The essay will not be in opposition of large corporations, but will merely identify and explain the need for smaller companies.
One common topic that is an offshoot of this topic would be the anit-Walmart crusade many are part of. In the proposal I hope to separate my stance from the stance of those who have already taken that opinion.
With the lower tax revenue received by the government there will need to be changes made in spending policies. These policies will be discussed in detail throughout the paper.
To be honest I am far from an expert on taxation or small business, or for that matter the economy as a whole. Therefore my research will have to provide much of the evidence for me.

Common Sense

Thomas Paine's Common Sense could not have better summed up what early Americans thought about the Parliamentary government of England. Colonial Americans had to have all been under the same mentality of Paine or they never would have left England in the first place.

As far as his writing style goes, Paine's liberal use of capitalization really exenuates many of his points. In particular I noticed the term ELECT or some variation there of. I think this must have been one of the points that he wanted to make sure that he brought accross. With the use of that term he hoped to bring accross the important difference between the colonies and England. That is, they elected there government and the U.S. didn't. Therefore, the US is not to be subjects of England's tyrannical rule.

In addtion to the emphasis placed on ELECTION, Paine brought accross the emphasis of the tyrrancial rule of the KING. Liberty of the American people was really brought into question with his opinions. Were the American people really free is there was a king checking over them?

Common Sense is a historical document and a template for persuasive writing even today. Unlike many other historical documents, people today can still relate to the emotions that Paine evoked through his writing.

Tech Friday Assignment

1. Robert Jackson



2. Youtube



3. http://mslewell.blogspot.com/2008/01/hyperlink.html



4.





5. http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~nslabaug/Resource/test_audio.mp3

Spring Break '08

I may have had the most boring spring break of all time. I spent my spring break at home in beautiful Indianapolis, Indiana.

Although boring, my break may have been the most relaxing time I've had in years. There was one day that I had to wake up early, by early I mean ten-thirty. Every other day I woke up at around ten.

I did get a chance to catch up with some friends also. Luckily a lot of my friends' breaks coincided with mine. My friend Joe offered me a one day job working for his parents. I was reluctant to take (I didn't want to throw off laziness theme), but luckily I did and made $300.

Besides that, I went to a couple Butler games with friends. I love going to Hinkle to watch the games. There is so much history in that building, and the crowd noise there is deafening.

Well if you've read down to this point you can begin to realize how boring my break was.

Universal Healthcare... Universal Problems

A popular notion sweeping across the political landscape of the United States is the need for some type of healthcare reform. Numerous politicians, predominately democratic, have called for a “universal” healthcare system. The term universal healthcare has mildly different meanings to different people. Generally speaking though, universal health care refers to “a government effort intended to extend health care coverage to all citizens, and sometimes permanent residents, of a governmental region.” These ideas were the same ideas shared by Senator Barak Obama in a speech given to the Families USA Conference in Washington D.C. on January 27, 2007.
Over the past few years an increasing number of politicians and citizens alike have shown interest in the government of the United States adopting a universal healthcare system. Movies such as SiCKO and other written propaganda have only bolstered this side of the argument. With the growing popularity of the argument, some presidential candidate’s have run with universal healthcare as a major component of their platform. Barak Obama supports this theory and is running under the basis that if he were to be elected he would institute such a policy.
A manuscript of the aforementioned speech is available at http://obama.senate.gov/
speech/070125-the_time_has_co/ . Obama’s pathos oriented speech has moved many people, but there are a some fundamental flaws not addressed in his speech. Being a charismatic leader is an important trait for a candidate, but voters must use their head instead of their heart. Interestingly, some in this country seem to vote based solely on pathos inspired speeches, forgetting the ethos aspect or lack there of. This is the flaw that I find in this speech. Barak Obama has nearly no experience in the healthcare industry, and has been a politician or working toward being a politician his entire adult life. Although there is a glaring lack of expertise behind his thoughts on healthcare, Obama clearly has consultants to aid him on his opinion. These consultants, however, are employed for one reason only, to sway the vote in favor of their employer.
A key component of Obama’s speech is his appeal to a less wealthy audience, who have virtually nothing to lose by a fundamental change in the healthcare system of this country. In particular, this speech was given to a group of members of Families USA. This organization is an influential healthcare lobbyist in Washington D.C. Obviously, Senator Obama would receive a warm reception from an audience comprised of such universal healthcare advocates. In addition to this audience, the manuscript was posted on Obama’s campaign website. Obama’s supporters, mainly democratic, are the primary audience of the website.
The greatest problem with the speech is that Obama acknowledges know adverse effects of his proposed legislation. The democratic audience, which the speech is geared toward, traditionally has been in favor of legislation aiding those less fortunate in society. This is where Obama’s use of pathos comes into play. While Obama regurgitates some numbers (that may or may not be true) given to him by his consultants, the overriding feel of the speech is that there is a great injustice in this country.
Nothing will rile voters into voting like an injustice against them, and the person promising to change this will reap the rewards. In actuality the president has little say in whether a universal healthcare system will be enacted. Actually, Obama has a greater influence in the Senate than he ever will as president. In the Senate, Obama can actually vote on such legislation.
Generally speaking, Obama’s speech was merely a ploy to receive votes, nothing more, nothing less. Candidates in both parties do this on a daily basis. They tell their contingent what they would like to hear, and in return they receive votes. Whether or not this legislation is ever passed into law is of no concern to me. I merely would like to point out the degree of pathos used in the campaigns of politicians across the country.

"Anda's Game" vs. Comic Version

The most glaring difference between the two versions of the story to me was the comic's extremely dark tone. Maybe it was simply the illustrations that made the story seem a little more serious and real life.

I think that the morose tone of the comic was brought to life through the use of dark colors. Especially the use of dimly lit rooms much like Anda's bedroom. In addition to the literally dark condition of the illustrations, the gruesome details of the deaths dealt to the "noobs" gave the tale a dark twist.

In addition to the darkness of the comic, a prevelent theme that I noticed was the stark contrast between the characters portrayed in reality versus the game that they were playing. Anda was made to look like almost the most innocent character that the author could possibly draw. Whereas, Anda's in-game personna was that of a heroine/badass.

A positive aspect of the comic was that it was much easier to follow. The out-of-game to in-game transitions were much clearer when looking at the accompanying pictures. In the first version I found it difficult to follow those transitions.

All in all, I found the comic to be a much more lucid and readable than the text version.

Anda's Game

I found the story to be very informative since I really have no understanding of the concepts of internet gaming. I honestly had no idea that money can be made in the game and in return made in real life.

I found Anda's addiction to the game to be extremely believeable. I know people who I would say have a gaming problem... I can hear it down the hall all night. These people screaming into their headsets.

I have not, however, ever learned about anyone who actually got a disease from intense gaming. I think that there must be an almost physical addiction to gaming. If someone to ignore there symptoms and allow themselves to become a victim of a disease, one would think that would try to stop.

Media Projects

Group #2
Improvements: Could have included another song or two.
Already Good: Nice mix of videos that you took and other pictures.

Group#3
Improvements- Could have added a few more elements besides just the interviews.
Already Good- Each of you had a great speech about your reason for being here.

Out of Class Essay Two

Hockey blogs are a dime a dozen on the internet, but finding an independently written hockey blog is another thing. Most of the blogs around the internet are written by a paid writer, and written for a website looking to make money from them. “Hockey Rants” is an exception to the norm. Jes Golbez’s blog provides a refreshingly biased view on the day to day happenings in the world of hockey.
Among the independently published blogs around the web “Hockey Rants” is one of the most up-to-date and interesting sites out there. For many months in a row Golbez has posted one fresh article every single day. These articles usually pertain to a certain hockey player, nuance of the game, or even a subject completely off of the topic of hockey. In many instances the author uses this blog as a platform for his rants (hockey related or otherwise), hence the title of the blog.
One of Golbez’s recent off-topic blogs entitled “Super Tuesday Smatterings” was a commentary regarding his thoughts on the American electoral process. The opinions expressed by Golbez were surprisingly, well, opinionated. This Canadian’s take on the whole election was refreshingly anti-American, providing insight on a foreigner’s view of the beloved United States. A blog may be the best opportunity for a writer to express his right to free speech, and does Golbez ever take advantage of this.
The style of writing utilized by Golbez is definitely geared toward a young audience, throwing in some WTF’s for good measure. He seems to take the “I don’t care” attitude as well, which is typically attributed to the younger crowd. Although the writing style is biased and opinionated there still remains solid information about the game.
Every single posting is informative in some way, whether there is talk of a game that happened the previous night or a an interesting trend to look for. As long as the author’s commentary can be taken with a grain of salt, the posts can be quite thought provoking especially to Americans, especially when he’s bashing who he calls “yankees”.
As for the esthetics of the webpage, there is something left to be desired. The chosen background is almost as boring as the times new roman font. A redeeming characteristic of the blog is the liberal use photos, videos, and links. Nearly every post includes a photo or a video, most of which are extremely humorous.
From the hockey fan to the blog zealot “Hockey Rants” is utterly readable. Agree or disagree with this crazy Canuck, there will always be something to ponder. Check out the blog at http://jesgolbez.blogspot.com/.

In-class Essay 2

The majority of the writing that I have done has either been assigned or required for me to do. In ways that idea is similar to professional writers and in ways this is dissimilar to the work that they do.

Professional writers are in essence required to write just as I am. They are paid to produce interesting and broadly readable articles, books, etc. Although unlike myself they have chosen this career path for themselves. Naturally, those who would have chosen writing as their career would have a talent and interest in writing.

The writing required of many students including myself is usually a narrow based, almost rhetorical style of paper. Generally these papers are produced with some sort of a prompt or template given by an instructor. The point is that typically the authors of these kinds of papers are given little encouragement to deviate from their assignment.

Professional writing utilizes much more of an author's personal opinion about a particular topic that he or she is writing about. Given, many times a publisher or editor would require the author to follow a general topic or theme.

The barriers between proffesional writing and individual writing exist in the viewership of each medium. Professional writing is usually printed in large publications or in some other way distributed to an enormous audience. Individual writing has only recently gained a lareger viewership.

I wouldn't say that the average individual is losing power in the world of public discourse, but I would definitely not say they are gaining on the professional writing world. Although many blog-esque forms of writing are becoming more and more prevelent on the internet, professional writers are more common as well. Newspaper sales may be down, but at least that many people are obtaining news from a professional online source.

In Class Essay 1

One of the major ways that I present my face to the world is through the social networking site Facebook. Nearly everybody about my age uses the site to relay personal information to there friends, peers or even strangers.

I use Facebook not for anything to serious, mainly just keeping in touch with friends. Two of the features of Facebook that I use often are the message and the wall post. Usually my wall postings are very informal and usually share a joke or an interesting link. The messages are sort of like email through Facebook which can be used to transfer more detailed information.

Pictures reveal a lot about a person. For me my pictures mainly tell people who I hang out with and what type of activities I participate in.

I guess the obvious way that people present their interests on Facebook is the personal information section. On my personal information you can find out that my favorite movies are Scent of a Woman and Stand by Me or that my favorite television show is Freeks and Geeks.

I guess that an outsider looking at my Facebook page would probably think that I am your average everyday dude that loves hockey and pizza.

Analysis of Shivom's Facebook Page

Shivom's facebook page is very thorough and allows his friends and anyone else in his network to view many details about his personality. Shivom is very active on facebook; nearly everyday something new was shown on his minifeed. He also corresponds with many of his friends through facebook wall postings.

In Shivom's personal information his Indian nationality is displayed, as well as many other details including his relationship status, political affiliation, and birthday. By viewing his pictures one would be able to tell that he has an active social life as many of his pictures are with friends.

In addition to the direct personal information posted on the site, more information can be inferred through the many applications Shivom has added. Those applications include fun gifts and events, purdue football fans, and top friends. Shivom is also a member of nearly fifty groups.

Face to the world -Outside view

First out of Class Essay
Facebook has quickly become one the largest social networks in the world. This medium of communication is especially popular amongst the younger population. More and more information about people is available at the click of a mouse. While Facebook allows people to better keep in touch, there is an increased need for personal censorship due to the nearly public access of Facebook page.
A major aspect of Facebook that a college student needs to keep in mind is the possible viewers of their page. Employers are increasingly more aware of the existence of networking sites such as Facebook. Personal web pages provide future employers with a window to a different aspect of an individual’s life. Therefore, people with these pages should consider any information on them to be accessible by anyone, and should edit their content accordingly.
A common form of communication through Facebook is the wall posting. Wall posts can be read by anyone with access to one’s profile. When posting on someone’s wall there may be a need to censor one’s message. An example of this would be when speaking about somebody else to another person. In this case someone may want to send a personal message limiting the access to others.
In many cases censorship would be needed when describing one’s favorite activities and interests. While drinking might be someone’s favorite activity, they may opt not post that as one of their favorite activities. Many times an individual may choose to add only more socially acceptable behaviors, as to not represent themselves in a negative light.
Pictures posted on Facebook are probably the most in need of personal censorship. Pictures in which an individual is partaking in dangerous or illegal behavior are in need of such censorship. If someone were to post a photo a parent, employer or any other superior might be able to view it. Therefore, users need to bear this information in mind when deciding on which images to show.
Religious affiliation is an optional box that one may opt to fill in. Many Facebook users choose not to fill in this piece of information at all, feeling that this may in some way label them or alienate them. Others choose to fill in the box with their actual religion. Different people view religious affiliation as a more private matter, still others view it as more of a public topic.
Personal censorship is crucial in providing a positive public image to the users of Facebook whether they be one’s friends, family, employers, acquaintances or strangers. Although Facebook is not truly entirely public, users need to treat it as such. Another concern for young people should be the history that can be recorded on computers. In this information age nearly anyone who wishes to view a profile can very easily do so. In order to maintain a positive reputation, keeping a clean profile should help considerably.

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